Search results for "PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Health Psychology"
showing 10 items of 174 documents
Defining the Field of Behavioral Medicine: A Collaborative Endeavor.
2017
Purpose: To respond to comments on our proposal for an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine. Methods: We identify common themes in the comments and provide a response. Results: We discuss the relationship of behavioral medicine to other disciplines and fields, the scope of behavioral medicine, and issues related to the application of behavioral medicine. Conclusion: Based on the comments of our esteemed colleagues and our reflection on those comments, we now offer the following refined definition and scope of behavioral medicine. ‘Behavioral medicine can be defined as the field characterized by the collaboration among multiple disciplines concerned with the development …
Proposal for an Update of the Definition and Scope of Behavioral Medicine
2017
Purpose: We aim to provide an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine in the Charter of ISBM, as the present version was developed more than 25 years ago. Methods: We identify issues which need clarification or updating. This leads us to propose an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine. Results: Issues in need of clarification or updating include the scope of behavioral medicine (biobehavioral mechanisms, clinical diagnosis and intervention, and prevention and health promotion); research as an essential characteristic of all three areas of behavioral medicine; the application of behavioral medicine; the terminology of behavioral medicine as a multidisci…
Worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic
2020
This study anonymously examined 2,734 psychiatric patients worldwide for worsening of their pre-existing psychiatric condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. Valid responses mainly from 12 featured countries indicated self-reported worsening of psychiatric conditions in 2/3rd of the patients assessed that was validated through their significantly higher scores on scales for general psychological disturbance, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Female gender, feeling no control of the situation and reporting dissatisfaction with the response of the state during the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced interaction with family and friends increased the worsening of pre-existing psychiatri…
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19: A global study of risk and resilience factors
2020
AbstractThis study anonymously screened 13,332 individuals worldwide for psychological symptoms related to Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from March 29th to April 14th, 2020. A total of n=12,817 responses were considered valid with responses from 12 featured countries and five WHO regions. Female gender, pre-existing psychiatric condition, and prior exposure to trauma were identified as notable risk factors, whereas optimism, ability to share concerns with family and friends like usual, positive prediction about COVID-19, and daily exercise predicted fewer psychological symptoms. These results could aid in dynamic optimization of mental health services during and following CO…
Internet addiction, temperament, and the moderator role of family emotional involvement
2014
This study examined the relationship between internet addiction, temperament, and family functioning focusing on the unique and common contribution that temperament and family functioning made to internet addiction. A total of 320 adolescents (164 boys and 156 girls), from 15 to 17 years (M = 16.06, SD = 0.59), completed measures of internet addiction, temperament, and family functioning. Data showed that salience, as the ability of internet to change negatively person’s life, was predicted positively by temperament linked to lack of control and by the perception of low level of familial emotional involvement. Results also revealed that family affective involvement played a moderating role …
The Relationship Between Demographic Variables and Substance Use in Undergraduates
2018
The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between demographic variables and substance use during the last month among undergraduates. A self-administered questionnaire “Students 2004” was distributed among a convenience sample of undergraduates (n = 983; between the ages of 21 and 36) at a large, public university in the south of Poland. The data were analyzed statistically, using chi-squared test, logistic regression, and cluster analysis. The results indicated that excessive alcohol drinking and substance use among students are related to being male, studying social sciences, living in a dorm or apartment, and living in an urban area. Binge drinking is related to gender and l…
Interhemispheric inhibition during mental actions of different complexity.
2013
International audience; Several investigations suggest that actual and mental actions trigger similar neural substrates. Yet, neurophysiological evidences on the nature of interhemispheric interactions during mental movements are still meagre. Here, we asked whether the content of mental images, investigated by task complexity, is finely represented in the inhibitory interactions between the two primary motor cortices (M1s). Subjects' left M1 was stimulated by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while they were performing actual or mental movements of increasing complexity with their right hand and exerting a maximum isometric force with their left thumb and index. Thus, we sim…
Health Behavior, Health Promotion, and the Transition to Parenthood : Insights from Research in Health Psychology and Behavior Change
2019
The transition to parenthood represents a period of considerable change. Much of the change is positive as parents experience the inherent emotional and social benefits of becoming a parent. However, it is also a period of considerable challenge and stress, which can have deleterious effects on health and well-being. Increased demands of caring for an infant can lead to loss of sleep, limited ‘leisure’ time, restrictions on social life, and difficulties in managing ‘work-life’ balance. In addition, the disruption and time demand lead to parents ‘falling out’ of health habits. Parents also have new responsibilities to care for the health of their child, and socialize them into healthy habits…
Pediatric Psycho-Oncology
2013
La psicooncología pediátrica, entre otras, estudia por qué el cáncer, además de ser una enfermedad crónica que amenaza la vida de quien la padece, es una enfermedad que simboliza el sufrimiento de la persona enferma y su familia. El tratamiento del cáncer infantil implica un régimen médico exigente en el que los niños y sus familias se enfrentan a múltiples factores estresantes, que provocan cambios considerables en las actividades diarias; por ejemplo, alteración de los roles familiares y sociales, temor a la adhesión al tratamiento y una constante amenaza de muerte. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar, por medio de una revisión teórica, el papel de la psicooncología pediátrica…
Pediatric Psycho-Oncology
2013
La psicooncología pediátrica, entre otras, estudia por qué el cáncer, además de ser una enfermedad crónica que amenaza la vida de quien la padece, es una enfermedad que simboliza el sufrimiento de la persona enferma y su familia. El tratamiento del cáncer infantil implica un régimen médico exigente en el que los niños y sus familias se enfrentan a múltiples factores estresantes, que provocan cambios considerables en las actividades diarias; por ejemplo, alteración de los roles familiares y sociales, temor a la adhesión al tratamiento y una constante amenaza de muerte. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar, por medio de una revisión teórica, el papel de la psicooncología pediátrica…